IPB Halts RSBI School Preferential Treatment

A recent decision by a leading state university to stop prioritizing graduates from international-standard public schools for admission has once again called into question the relative merits of such schools.

The Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB) announced last week that as of Feb. 1, students from international-standard schools (RSBI) would no longer receive preference when applying for admission. Prior to the announcement, IPB reserved 70 percent of seats in its guaranteed placement intake program, or PMDK, to RSBI graduates.

The PMDK allows academically gifted students to join the intake program at state universities without having to take the entrance exam.

Herry Suhardiyanto, the IPB rector, said the decision to end preferential treatment for RSBI graduates would allow equally gifted students from regular high schools a better chance of qualifying for a place.

“This year we won’t make any distinctions between graduates of RSBI or other schools, because there are so many conflicting perceptions of RSBIs,” he said. “Whereas in previous academic years we accepted 100 percent of all RSBI graduates who applied for the PMDK, starting this year those graduates will have to be evaluated based on their grades, like all the other applicants.”

Darmaningtyas, an education expert from the Taman Siswa school network, welcomed the decision by IPB, saying it was a positive step toward ending the discrimination between RSBIs and other schools.

“If state universities continue to prioritize RSBI graduates in the PMDK, then that’s the same as supporting social inequality in education,” he said.

RSBIs are state schools that adopt an international-standard curriculum and use both Indonesian and English as the languages of instruction.

They also receive greater funding than other schools for their more advanced and better-equipped facilities, and in turn are allowed to levy considerably higher fees. This has prompted criticism of elitism, with students from poorer families typically unable to enroll in such schools while those from more affluent families are readily accepted.

In March last year, the Education Ministry froze the RSBI program, citing a poor grasp of English by the teachers as well as a failure by most schools to properly allocate the extra funding they received from the government. Although existing RSBI schools are allowed to operate as usual, no new schools may sign up for the program.

Darmaningtyas said IPB’s move should be emulated by all state universities to give rise to “the ideal education system, especially for those outstanding students from any kind of high school who want to enroll in university.”

Djoko Susanto, the Education Ministry’s director general for higher education, conceded that the national school-leaving exam scores of RSBI students were not always superior to that of regular high school students.

However, he denied IPB’s decision was an indictment of the RSBI’s failings, saying the university had the right to implement policies as it saw fit.

“Let the rectors decide what kind of students that they want in their universities,” he said. “It’s their prerogative to draw up the requirements, and we can’t do anything as officials.”

He added the revised PMDK policy at IPB “doesn’t affect RSBI students or those from regular schools.” Djoko also said that even if other universities went on to adopt similar policies, “it won’t matter” in terms of the standing of RSBI schools.

Hamid Muhammad, the ministry’s director general of secondary education, said the Bogor university’s decision did not indicate growing distrust of the merits of RSBI schools.

“I don’t believe the policy will impact on RSBI schools in any way, because the point of these schools is to give students the best education possible, not to hog the PMDK,” he said.

“So there’s no fallout. The principle is simple, whether for an RSBI school or a regular one, and that’s to give our students an education that allows them to compete in any field.”

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IPB Menerbitkan Buku Penurunan Minat PT Pertanian

Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) Press meluncurkan buku berjudul "Fenomena Penurunan Peminat Perguruan Tinggi Pertanian Indonesia", yang ditulis oleh sejumlah guru besar dan staf pengajar di lembaga pendidikan tinggi itu.

Juru bicara IPB Ir Henny Windarti, MSi dalam penjelasannya kepada ANTARA di Bogor, Ahad mengatakan bahwa buku tersebut dapat menjadi sumbangan berharga bagi para pemangku kepentingan sektor pertanian di Indonesia.

Buku tersebut ditulis oleh Prof Dr Ir Syafrida Manuwoto MSc, Dr Ir Andi Gunawan, M.Agr dan M Firdaus, SP, MSi.

Rektor IPB Dr Ir Herry Suhardiyanto M.Sc ketika mewisuda 1.059 lulusan IPB Tahap II Tahun Akademik 2008/2009 pada akhir Februari 2009, juga sempat menyampaikan fenomena turunnya minat generasi muda untuk belajar di perguruan tinggi pertanian itu.

Menurut dia, terkait dengan masa depan pembangunan pertanian Indonesia, saat ini Indonesia dihadapkan pada persoalan penurunan minat belajar generasi muda terhadap bidang ilmu pertanian, khususnya pada berbagai program studi bidang pertanian di universitas-universitas daerah.

"Namun, penurunan minat tersebut tidak terjadi di IPB, akan tetapi IPB memiliki tanggung jawab moral untuk ikut serta mengatasi masalah tersebut," katanya.

Ia mengatakan, sebagai gambaran, hasil seleksi nasional masuk perguruan tinggi negeri (SNMPTN) tahun 2008 menunjukkan masih terdapat 2.894 kursi kosong pada program studi bidang pertanian di 47 perguruan tinggi negeri.

Dikemukakannya pula bahwa turunnya minat calon mahasiswa ke bidang pertanian bukan hanya terjadi pada tahun 2008. Ia merujuk pada data bahwa sebanyak 45,23 persen bidang studi, daya tampungnya tidak terpenuhi pada tahun 2007, dan itu merupakan program studi yang terkait dengan bidang pertanian.

"Kita tidak boleh membiarkan hal ini berlangsung terus, jika tidak, 5-10 tahun ke depan kita akan mengalami kesulitan untuk mendapatkan calon mahasiswa yang berkualitas karena ini akan berimplikasi pada lemahnya sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang merupakan tulang punggung pembangunan pertanian," kata Rektor.

Sementara itu, guru besar IPB Prof Dr MA Chozin, saat menjabat Wakil Rektor I IPB pada tahun 2006 juga mengungkap turunnya jumlah calon mahasiswa yang berminat melanjutkan studi di bidang pertanian.

Menurut dia, selama lima tahun terakhir ini, calon mahasiswa yang mendaftar masuk ke IPB mengalami penurunan.

Penurunan tersebut, menurut dia, sejalan dengan menurunnya minat siswa SMA untuk melanjutkan studi ke perguruan tinggi secara keseluruhan di Indonesia. "Bukan hanya di IPB, tapi di seluruh perguruan tinggi di Indonesia, khususnya pada bidang-bidang studi yang berkaitan dengan pertanian," katanya.

Bahkan, menurut dia, berdasarkan data dari Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, dari tahun 2005 hingga Juni 2006 ada sekitar 40 fakultas pertanian yang ditutup akibat kekurangan peminat.

Hal ini, menurut Chozin, diduga akibat generasi muda sekarang tidak lagi tertarik pada bidang pertanian dan lebih memilih bidang lainnya.

"Untuk itu, diperlukan peran dari media untuk memginformasikan kepada masyarakat khususnya generasi muda mengenai kemajuan bidang pertanian," kata dia.

Diharapkan ke depannya minat generasi muda terhadap bidang pertanian terus meningkat, apalagi Indonesia dikenal sebagai bangsa agraris-maritim dan memberi kontribusi cukup besar terhadap perekonomian nasional.

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